Warning for listers planning turbo rebuild

[Phil Payne]

> After 3 nuts suspiciously spin too much I removed EM and found that
3
> studs were bent.  I did not see a sign of twisting.
> I replaced studs and was able to torque all nuts to 30n/m.  And now
you
> want to make me worry about studs spinning out? You did it! :-)
> Is the spinning studs out a common problem?
> Did you take off head with manifolds to fix such kind of problems or
> just EM (somehow)?

I only did two exhaust manifold swaps with the head in situ last year,
and that was because I knew both engines had been stripped down within
the last couple of years.

Generally, I take the head off.  The investment in labour time is so
high that it's false economy to change the EM and not replace all the
studs.  Getting an old EM off is tedious with the head in place and
more likely to snap a stud than a bench strip, when you can easily use
heat, lubrication and axial drive on the studs.  I still count myself
as lucky when I get them out without snapping one.

Yes, old studs turning out on a new EM is depressingly common.  I've
seen many cases of it - especially on #1 upper and lower and #5 upper.
Easy diagnosis - with everything cold you can move the thick washer
with a fingertip.